Method of cutting metals.



W. A. LORENZ.

METHOD OF CUTTING METALS.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 11. m1.

Patented Jan. 28, 1919.

Fay-1 [nventar in proportion to t STATES PATENT onrion. j

WILLIAM A. nonrmz, or Han-moan, comcrlcu'r.

mn'rnonor currme imrans.

To all 'whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, WILLIAM A. Lorenz, a citizen of the United States, residing at State of Connecticut, have invented new and useful Im rovements in Methods of Cutting Metals, 0 which the following "is a specification. 4 v

Thisv invention comprises a process of cutting metals,.to be applied to lathes, planers and other' metal working machines in order to enable them to obtain greater production. i

In the present/practice lathe and'pl'aner tools are fixed in holders and provided with proper cutting edges, the work being mo ved against the tool in order to remove a definite amount of stock. Such removal of stock or cut? requires an excessive amount of power he useful work done. My" improved process consists in lmparting to the cutting tool, which issup orted in the machine, a rapid succession o preferk ably minute impacts or percussive vibration, on the line 11 of Fig. 2, of part of a ting edge;

these latter partsnot b tions in order to drive the tool by very rapid and shortsuccessive advances 1nto the ap pi-oaching metal, while it is being cut.

I attain this object by adding to metal working machine tools, impact producing means which are supported 1n the machine.-

I use for illustration an application of my novel process to an engine lathe, and show such application in the accompanying drawin s, in whichigure- 1 1s a side elevation, partly in seclathe carriage, a tool post slide and a tool post, and the impact producing means.

Fig. 2 is a rear elevation of '1, looking inthe direction of the arrow, also shown partlyin sectionon the line 2-2. of Fig. 1.

In the drawings, 5 represents a portion of a lathe carriage, which is sup orted in the usual manner upon a lathe be not shown. 6 shows the tool post slide, and 7-the tool post, supporting the tool 8, having a cut- 9. 10 represents asection of a shaft w 11'"and 12, the center 12 being supported in the lathe head 13.- 14 represents the face plate, and 15 the dog for driving the shaft, shown in Fig. 1. 16 represents the chip being removed from ch is being turned, and which issupported in the usual manner upon centers Specification of Letters Patent Patented Jan. 28,, 1919." Application filed June 11, 1917. Ser1al11'o.173,981.

theshaft 1 0, the shaft turning in the direcf tion of the arrow 17.

In order to apply impact vibrations to the.

cutting point 9 of the tool, I attach to the;

tool post, or to the carriage'of the lathe,-

means for imparting rapid vibrations to the tool itself.

hcse vibrations may be imparted at the bottom of thetool, as shown.

. 1n the drawin or they may be ap lied at p or im-.

. lower side 0 the tool below thecutting edge of the tool. Such'a plunger is shown at 20, being supported in a bracket 21 attached to the impact wheel case 22. 'This impact case consists of a shell having the outerportion 22, and two side portions 23 and 24, the case itself resting against the tool post 6 at 25 and being provided with a flange 26. By

means of bolts 27- this flange is secured to i the side of, the tool carriage. A projecting iange28 carries a motor 29 shown only in I Fig. 2. The shaft of this motor carries a coupling 30', engaging another coupling 31, secured to the shaft34 running in suitable bearings at the sides of the case'23 and 24. To this shaft 34 is attached a pair of rotating disks 35. -These disks are provided with 38, engaging holes in the two disks 35, the

' -holes being a little larger than the hubs of srovided with an enlarged hub 40,'and a reuced end 41, the lower end of which is arranged to engage'the outer circumference of the projecting roller 37, which is showniu Fi l at 42.

5 spring 43 engages the collar 40, of the plunger, "and presses -withplunger downwardly. The upper end of the plunger 20 is brought in contact with the lower portion 44 of the tool.

'An adjustin screw 45 engages the flange portion. 26 of t e case, and by meansof this adjusting screw, which is held in a roj'ec-- tion 46, of the tool slide, and by re easing the bolts 27, the entire case with the revolv- 85 a series of rollers '37, each having two hubs I ing disks 35 and the plunger 20 may be adjusted to and from the lower portion 4:4. of the tool 8.

The operation of the apparatus is as follows The plunger 20 is brought in contact or quite close to the surface 441. of the tool; the shaft is rotated in the direction of the arrow 17; the motor then drives the two disks at a high speed, which causes the rollers 37 to fly outwardly giving rapid impact blows against the lower part 41 ofthe plunger.

In the drawings, twelve ofthese rollers are shown, and therefore each revolution will give twelve impact blows to" the plunger.-

By running the motor at 1000 R. P. M., 12,000 blows will be delivered per minute against the tool, and these blows will be transmitted to the cutting edge 90f the tool. These vibrations may be increased very considerably in number per minute, or decreased, according to the speed of the cut, and nature of the material. p

The degree of impact against the plunger, by means of the rollers 37 may be varied in several ways; one of which consists of varying the speed of the'motor. The higher the speed the greater the blow.

By this improved process of imparting minute impacts or percussive vibrations to the cutting edge of the tool while the work is moving against the tool, and while supporting both the tool and the impact means in the machine, less resistance will be met in meager sists of supporting the tool and the material to be cut, and in moving said tool and material against each other to maintain a cutting pressure, and of applying rapid and minute percussive vibratlons to the cuttmg tool durmg the operation of cutting.

3. The process of cutting metalswhich.

consists in supporting the cutting tool, giving rapid and minute percussive vibrations to said tool and moving the metal to be out against the said supported cutting tool.

4:. In a metal cutting machine, means for supporting the work and the cutting tool,

means for moving the work against the tool, means for applying rapid and minute percussive vibrations to said supported tool, during the cutting operation.

5. The process of cutting materials, which consists in supporting the work and the tool in a machine, moving the work against the tool, and giving to the tool a series of rapid and minute impacts or vibrations, during the process of. cutting.

WILLIAM A. LOQRENZ. v 

